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Attestation & Legalisation

Apostille vs Attestation UAE 2026: Is the UAE in the Hague Convention, and What Your Documents Still Need

Apostille vs attestation UAE: the UAE is not in the Hague Apostille Convention. What documents from apostille countries still need. Get expert help on WhatsApp.

Mir Ali
Mir Ali Founder, MIRDXB PRO
Updated 11 Oct 2026 44 min read
Apostille vs Attestation UAE 2026: Is the UAE in the Hague Convention, and What Your Documents Still Need (illustrative photo)
Reviewed by Mir Ali, founder of MIRDXB PRO. Checked against official sources and the real cases we have handled over the past three years. How we write and check our guides

Key takeaways

  • Apostille vs attestation (UAE), the short answer: the UAE is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. It has not signed, ratified or acceded to it. The HCCH status table (last updated 30 June 2026, 130 Contracting Parties) does not list the UAE, and we found no accession announcement from the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs or the HCCH when we re-checked both on 10 October 2026.
  • So an apostille on its own does not make a foreign document usable in the UAE. The document still needs attestation by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country and by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), either as two stamps or as one digital application at missions that offer it.
  • But the apostille is often the paper the UAE mission wants first. The UAE Embassy in Manila’s FAQ has said all documents “must bear the DFA Apostille”, and the UAE Embassy in London requires UK documents to be legalised by the FCDO, whose certificate is an apostille.
  • In other apostille countries, the UAE route uses the foreign ministry’s separate attestation instead. India’s MEA keeps “normal attestation” for countries that are not Convention members; Pakistan says normal attestation continues alongside its apostille; the US State Department issues authentication certificates, not apostilles, for non-Hague countries.
  • UAE documents used abroad cannot be apostilled. They are attested by MOFA UAE, then by the UAE Embassy in the destination country or by that country’s own embassy in the UAE, depending on the destination’s rules.
  • UAE-side fees are flat: AED 150 per personal document and AED 2,000 per commercial document at MOFA (MOFA FAQ). Digital attestation of eligible UAE documents takes up to 2 hours in working hours; courier routes take 1 to 3 business days inside the UAE, and applications made from outside the UAE take up to 7 business days (MOFA attestation page, re-checked 10 October 2026).
  • Two rules catch people everywhere: UAE missions refuse documents “apostilled in a bundle”, and they do not attest laminated documents.
  • If the UAE ever accedes, nothing changes overnight. Under Article 12 of the Convention there is a six-month objection period and entry into force 60 days after it, so roughly eight months from the date of deposit.

In short: The UAE is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention. The HCCH status table does not list it, and we found no accession announcement on hcch.net or mofa.gov.ae on 10 October 2026. So an apostille alone never makes a foreign document usable here: it still needs attestation by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country and by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), in one digital application at selected missions. MOFA charges AED 150 per personal and AED 2,000 per commercial document. Eligible UAE digital documents take up to 2 hours; courier applications take 1 to 3 business days inside the UAE and up to 7 business days from abroad.

Holding an apostilled document and not sure what the UAE still needs? Send us a photo of the document and its certificate. We will tell you which stages are done, which are missing, and what the rest costs in government fees.

Check my document on WhatsApp

Apostille vs attestation in the UAE comes down to one fact: the UAE is not a party to the 1961 Hague Apostille Convention, so a foreign document carrying only an apostille is not ready for use here, and it must still be attested by the UAE mission in the issuing country and by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs. An apostille is a single certificate, issued by a designated authority in a Convention country, that other Convention countries accept instead of embassy legalisation. UAE attestation is the UAE’s own legalisation chain, run through its embassies abroad and MOFA at home. The two are not rivals. For many countries the apostille is simply the national step that the UAE mission certifies next.

This guide owns the apostille question: the UAE’s exact status under the Convention as of September 2026, what that means for documents from apostille countries, what it means for UAE documents going abroad, and where official pages and common advice disagree. For the full chain from notary to MOFA, read our guide to the attestation process UAE. For every fee line, see attestation cost UAE. Country routes are in our guides for India, Pakistan and the Philippines. Every status date below was read from the HCCH status table, and every UAE rule from mofa.gov.ae, on 23 and 24 September 2026, and re-checked on 10 October 2026.

What is the difference between apostille and attestation in the UAE?

The table answers the most common questions in one screen. Each row is explained further down with its source.

PointApostilleUAE attestation
Legal basisHague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public DocumentsUAE MOFA attestation service; UAE embassies and consulates abroad
Who issues itA competent authority designated by the Convention country that issued the documentThe UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country, then MOFA UAE (or both in one digital application)
What it certifiesThe authenticity of the signature, the capacity of the signer and the identity of the seal (Art. 5)“the authenticity of the signatures and seals on documents issued within or outside the United Arab Emirates” (MOFA)
Does it check the content?NoNo
Where it is acceptedOther Contracting Parties, except where one objected to the other’s accessionThe UAE
Is the UAE a party?No. Not listed on the HCCH status table (last updated 30 June 2026); not an HCCH Member; US State Department lists “Party to Hague Apostille Convention? No”
Enough on its own for the UAE?NoYes, once the UAE mission and MOFA stages are complete
Needed before UAE attestation?Often: Philippines (DFA Apostille), UK (FCDO). Not in India, where the MEA’s normal attestation is the UAE routeNot applicable
UAE documents going abroadThe UAE cannot issue oneMOFA UAE, then the UAE Embassy in the destination country or that country’s embassy in the UAE
UAE feeNone (foreign fee, e.g. UK £45 paper, £35 e-Apostille)AED 150 personal, AED 2,000 commercial (MOFA FAQ)
VerificationThe issuing authority’s register (Art. 7)verify.mofa.gov.ae, or “verify the document” on UAE PASS
Apostille vs attestation UAE decision chart: foreign documents need the national step, the UAE mission and MOFA; UAE documents going abroad need MOFA then an embassy
Apostille vs attestation in the UAE, as one decision: where the document was issued decides the route, and the UAE mission in the issuing country decides which national paper it will certify.

Apostille vs attestation UAE: how MIRDXB PRO helps

Most people who ask us about the apostille are not interested in treaty law. They have a degree, a marriage certificate or a power of attorney that someone abroad has already stamped, and a UAE employer, school or government counter asking for “attested” documents. We are a PRO and visa services firm in Al Barsha 1, Dubai, and we handle the UAE end of attestation every week: MOFA attestation, the digital application at UAE missions that offer it, legal translation, and the visa or licensing step the document was needed for. For the service itself, see our document attestation in Dubai page, and for the final UAE stamp on its own, MOFA attestation in Dubai.

What we do

  • Read what is already on the document. We identify each stamp and certificate (notary, apostille, foreign ministry attestation, UAE mission, MOFA) and tell you which stage is missing.
  • Check the mission’s published rule for the issuing country, so you do not pay for an apostille where the UAE route uses a different paper, or skip one where the mission insists on it.
  • File the UAE stages. The MOFA application through UAE PASS, and the combined digital application where the UAE mission offers it.
  • Arrange legal translation into Arabic where the receiving authority needs it, through our legal translation service.
  • Handle UAE documents going abroad: MOFA attestation first, then the embassy stage the destination country asks for.
  • Link the result to the transaction it was for: a work permit, a family visa, a newborn’s residence, a Golden Visa file or a company licence.

How it works

  1. WhatsApp us clear photos of the document, front and back, including any certificate attached to it, and tell us where it will be used.
  2. We map the chain and send a written list of what is done, what is missing, the government fees and our fee.
  3. You approve. If a stage has to be done in the issuing country, we tell you exactly what to ask for there, down to “one apostille per document”.
  4. We submit the UAE stages and track them, then send you the receipts and the attested document or digital copy.

What it costs

Government fees are passed on at cost: AED 150 per personal document and AED 2,000 per commercial document at MOFA, plus any mission or translation charge, and you see the receipts. Our service charge for the UAE MOFA step is AED 250 per attestation, on top of MOFA’s fee; for the other stages our fee depends on the number of documents, and it is quoted in writing before we start. Our general pricing approach is on the fees page, and the full list of official fee lines is in our attestation cost guide.

Why residents use us

  • We publish our sources. Every rule on this page links to the MOFA, mission, HCCH or foreign ministry page it came from, and where they disagree we show both.
  • We tell you when you do not need us. A UAE-issued digital document can often be attested by you on the MOFA app in two hours, and we will say so.
  • We work the whole transaction, not only the stamp: MOFA, translation, and the GDRFA, ICP or MOHRE step that follows.
  • We can act for people abroad under a power of attorney, and we tell you when a stage can only be done in the issuing country.
  • You can walk in. Our office is in Al Barsha 1, open by appointment; whatsApp us any time, 24 hours; office open Monday to Friday, 9:00 to 18:00 (Dubai time).
Tell us the issuing country, the document type and where it will be used in the UAE. We will reply with the route, the official fees and our written quote.

Get a written quote

Is the UAE part of the Hague Apostille Convention? Status as of October 2026

No. We checked the question on four independent official sources, because it is the fact everything else on this page depends on and because it is where most online advice goes wrong, in both directions.

SourceWhat it showsChecked
HCCH status table for Convention No. 12 (the Apostille Convention)The UAE does not appear. No signature, no ratification, no accession, no entry into force. The table states “Last update: 30-VI-2026” and “Number of Contracting Parties to this Convention: 130”.24 September 2026; re-checked 10 October 2026
HCCH list of MembersThe UAE is not a Member of the Hague Conference. Saudi Arabia and Qatar are listed as Members; Qatar became the 95th Member on 17 September 2026. HCCH membership is separate from joining the Apostille Convention, and Qatar is not a party to it.24 September 2026; re-checked 10 October 2026
US Department of State, Judicial Assistance country page for the UAE“Party to Hague Apostille Convention?” answered “No”.24 September 2026
UAE MOFA attestation service, FAQ and mission pagesNo mention of accepting apostilles in place of attestation. For foreign documents, MOFA’s FAQ says originals “must be attested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the issuing country” and then “by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country”.23 September 2026; re-checked 10 October 2026

We also searched the HCCH news archive and MOFA’s pages for any announcement that the UAE has signed, deposited an instrument of accession or stated an intention to join. We found none. Several commercial websites make claims one way or the other; none of them cites a UAE or HCCH document, so we have not relied on them. We repeated the check on 10 October 2026: the latest Apostille Convention items in the HCCH news archive are Thailand’s accession and the Convention’s entry into force for Algeria, and nothing concerns the UAE.

The dates, set out exactly

EventUAE
SignatureNone
Ratification or accession depositedNone recorded on the HCCH status table
Entry into force for the UAENone
Announced intention to accedeNone found on mofa.gov.ae or hcch.net
HCCH membershipNot a Member
One honest caveat about timing

The HCCH status table we read was last updated on 30 June 2026. An accession deposited after that date would not yet appear. That gap does not change anything practical: under Article 12 of the Convention, an accession only takes effect after a six-month objection period and then 60 days. Thailand, for example, acceded on 30 June 2026 and the HCCH lists its entry into force as 28 February 2027. Even an accession deposited today could not make apostilles work in the UAE before mid-2027.

Where the UAE’s neighbours stand

The Gulf is split, which explains a lot of confused advice from people who have lived in more than one Gulf country.

CountryAccessionEntry into force
Oman12 May 201130 January 2012
Bahrain10 April 201331 December 2013
Saudi Arabia8 April 20227 December 2022
QatarNot a party (not listed)
KuwaitNot a party (not listed)
United Arab EmiratesNot a party (not listed)

So someone who moved from Riyadh or Muscat may remember documents being accepted with an apostille. That was true there. It is not true here, and a Saudi, Omani or Bahraini document coming to the UAE still needs the UAE’s own attestation.

Where the UAE’s main source countries stand

Most documents we handle come from a small number of countries. All of the dates below are from the HCCH status table.

Issuing countryApostille Convention statusEntry into force
United KingdomRatified 21 August 196424 January 1965
United StatesAcceded 24 December 198015 October 1981
IndiaAcceded 26 October 200414 July 2005
PhilippinesAcceded 12 September 201814 May 2019
IndonesiaAcceded 5 October 20214 June 2022
PakistanAcceded 8 July 20229 March 2023
ChinaAcceded 8 March 20237 November 2023
CanadaAcceded 12 May 202311 January 2024
BangladeshAcceded 29 July 202430 March 2025
AlgeriaAcceded 5 November 20259 July 2026
Viet NamAcceded 31 December 202511 September 2026
ThailandAcceded 30 June 202628 February 2027 (not yet in force)
Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Sri Lanka, Nepal, NigeriaNot listed as parties
UAE apostille status timeline: dates the UK, US, India, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and others joined the Hague Apostille Convention, with the UAE not a party
When the countries that send the most documents to the UAE joined the Hague Apostille Convention. The UAE itself is not a party.

A country joining the Convention changes how that country authenticates its own documents. It does not change what the UAE asks for. If your country joined recently, the paper your foreign ministry hands you may have a new name and format, but the UAE mission stage and the MOFA stage are still there.

What an apostille is, in the Convention’s own terms

An apostille is not a general stamp of approval. The Convention is narrow, and knowing exactly what it covers explains why it cannot stand in for UAE attestation.

What the Convention does

  • Article 1 applies it to public documents executed in one Contracting State that have to be produced in another. Public documents include court documents, documents from administrative authorities, notarial acts, and official certificates placed on private documents.
  • Article 2 requires each Contracting State to exempt those documents from legalisation, which it defines as the formality by which the diplomatic or consular agents of the country where the document is to be produced certify the signature, the capacity of the signer and the seal.
  • Article 3 makes the apostille the only formality that may be required for that purpose.
  • Article 4 sets the certificate’s form: placed on the document or on an attached sheet, following the model annexed to the Convention.
  • Article 5 says what it certifies: the authenticity of the signature, the capacity in which the signer acted, and the identity of the seal or stamp.
  • Article 7 requires each designated authority to keep a register so that any apostille can be checked.
  • Article 12 lets new states accede, with a six-month window for existing parties to object and entry into force on the sixtieth day after that window closes.

What it does not cover

Article 1 excludes two groups that matter to UAE residents: documents executed by diplomatic or consular agents, and administrative documents dealing directly with commercial or customs operations. So an affidavit issued by your embassy in Abu Dhabi, or a certificate of origin, is outside the apostille system even between two Convention countries.

Why that matters for the UAE

The whole mechanism rests on Article 2: a Contracting State agrees to drop its own legalisation. The UAE has not made that agreement. It still legalises foreign documents itself, through its missions abroad and through MOFA. Seen that way, “does the UAE accept apostilles?” is the wrong question. The UAE accepts attestation by its own mission, and the mission decides which national paper it will look at first.

What is UAE attestation, and how long does MOFA take?

MOFA describes its service as enabling customers to obtain attestation certifying “the authenticity of the signatures and seals on documents issued within or outside the United Arab Emirates”. Like an apostille, it confirms who signed and sealed a document, not whether the content is true.

The two MOFA routes

RouteWhich documentsPublished time
Digital attestationEligible UAE-issued digital documents with a verification feature: QR code, barcode or reference numberWithin 2 hours during official working hours
Courier routeDocuments that do not meet the digital requirements1 to 3 business days inside the UAE; up to 7 business days for applications made outside the UAE

Applications are made through the MOFA website or the UAE MOFA app, with a UAE PASS login. Courier submissions need “the original document in Arabic or English” or an official translation of it. Attested documents can be checked on verify.mofa.gov.ae, and digitally attested certificates through the “verify the document” function on UAE PASS.

What MOFA charges

MOFA’s FAQ gives AED 150 for individual affairs documents and AED 2,000 for commercial documents, with commercial invoices charged by invoice value. It also notes that a commercial contract or agreement “may be considered as multiple documents based on its content”. The full schedule and worked totals are in our attestation cost guide.

For documents issued outside the UAE

MOFA’s FAQ is explicit about the order: the original “must be attested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the issuing country”, and “can then be attested by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country”. Its service page adds that the service for foreign documents “is available through selected UAE Missions abroad” and tells applicants to check the website of the mission in their country. Where the online service is not available, the page says to visit the UAE Mission in person. If there is no UAE mission there, MOFA asks you to contact its call centre on +971 800 44444 or use the Contact Us form.

Notice what MOFA’s own wording does. It names the issuing country’s foreign ministry, not “an apostille”. In Convention countries where the foreign ministry’s only product is now an apostille, that is what the UAE mission receives. In countries where the ministry still issues a separate attestation for non-Convention destinations, the UAE mission receives that. The next section shows both patterns on the missions’ own pages.

Does the UAE accept apostille documents from Convention countries?

Not as a finished product. What happens in practice depends on the UAE mission in the country that issued the document, and the missions do not all ask for the same paper. We read the published pages of the missions that handle most of our clients’ documents.

Issuing countryWhat the UAE mission requires firstIs that an apostille?Source
Philippines“All documents for authentication to the Embassy must bear the DFA Apostille.”Yes, expresslyUAE Embassy Manila FAQ (as last published; no longer online at its old address on 10 October 2026)
United Kingdom“Documents issued in the UK must be attested by the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).”Yes. The FCDO’s legalisation service issues an apostille (“stamped official certificate”)UAE Embassy London; GOV.UK
IndiaIndia-issued documents must be attested by the Ministry of External AffairsNot necessarily. The MEA offers apostille for Convention countries and “normal attestation” for countries that are not members “and where Apostille is not accepted”UAE Embassy New Delhi; MEA
PakistanDocuments must first be attested by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Pakistan (GAMCA medical documents excepted)Not necessarily. Pakistan’s MOFA said at accession that “Normal Attestation Services will continue as usual”UAE Embassy Islamabad; MOFA Pakistan
United StatesNational authentication of the documentNo. The State Department issues apostilles for Convention countries and “authentication certificates” for countries not in the ConventionUS Department of State, Office of Authentications

Two patterns come out of that table, and knowing which one your country follows saves you a wasted trip to your own foreign ministry.

Pattern 1: the apostille is the national step

Some Convention countries replaced their old legalisation certificate with the apostille and issue nothing else. The Philippines is the clearest example: the DFA Apostille replaced the old “red ribbon”, and the UAE Embassy in Manila will not act without it. The UK works the same way: the FCDO issues an apostille whatever the destination, and the UAE Embassy in London requires the FCDO’s certificate before it attests.

In these countries, skipping the apostille because “the UAE does not accept apostilles” is the single most expensive misreading of the rule. The UAE mission has nothing to certify, and the document comes back.

Pattern 2: a separate attestation for non-Convention countries

Other Convention countries kept a second product for destinations like the UAE. India’s MEA states that normal attestation is for “all the countries which are not a member of Hague Convention and where Apostille is not accepted”, and the MEA page lists the apostille at Rs 50 per sticker and MEA attestation without a ministry fee (outsourced collection agencies charge their own service fee). Pakistan’s foreign ministry announced its accession effective 9 March 2023 and said normal attestation would continue. The United States issues an authentication certificate for non-Convention countries rather than an apostille.

In these countries the paper the UAE mission is looking for is the attestation or authentication certificate, not the apostille. If someone has already apostilled your document instead, do not assume it is wasted or assume it is fine: ask the mission before paying for a second national stage.

A conflict worth knowing about

The UAE Embassy pages for New Delhi and Islamabad both say the national foreign ministry must “attest” documents, yet both also carry the line “Documents apostilled in a bundle are not accepted. Each document must be apostilled individually.” MEA’s own page says normal attestation, not the apostille, is the route for non-Convention countries. Read together, the safest instruction is: ask the MEA or MOFA Pakistan (or their authorised agencies) for the attestation meant for the UAE, one document at a time. If you are holding an apostille already, check with the mission before you redo it. We show both texts rather than pick one.

What the UAE mission does next, in either pattern

Once the national step is on the document, the UAE mission certifies that national seal, and MOFA UAE certifies the mission’s seal. At missions offering MOFA’s digital attestation service, both happen in one application. Where that service is not available, the mission stamps the paper and MOFA attests it after it reaches the UAE. Either way, the apostille is a starting point, never the end of the UAE chain.

Digital attestation at UAE missions: one application, two attestations

The biggest practical change on the UAE side is not about apostilles at all. At selected missions, MOFA now runs a digital attestation service for documents issued in that country, and a single application covers the mission and MOFA UAE. The New Delhi and Islamabad pages say so in the same words: “One application covers both the UAE Embassy … and the UAE MoFA in the UAE.” The London page says you receive “a copy of your document digitally attested by the UAE Embassy and by MOFA. This digital document is ready for use within UAE.”

How the mission digital service works

  1. Log in to the MOFA website with UAE PASS and choose the attestation service.
  2. Choose the country of issuance (for example the Republic of India or the UK).
  3. Complete the form and pay.
  4. A MOFA-approved service provider contacts you to collect the original document. New Delhi and Islamabad give “Within 24 hours of successful submission” for collection.
  5. You receive the digitally attested document by email.
  6. The original is returned by courier. New Delhi and Islamabad give 24 to 48 hours after release from the embassy, and 48 to 72 hours for remote areas.

Rules the mission pages publish

RuleWhere it is published
The national foreign ministry’s stage comes first (FCDO, MEA, MOFA Pakistan)London, New Delhi, Islamabad
Documents apostilled in a bundle are not accepted; each separatelyLondon, New Delhi, Islamabad
Laminated documents cannot be attestedLondon, New Delhi, Islamabad
Commercial invoices and certificates of origin cannot be attested through the mission; they go through eDAS 2.0 on the MOFA websiteLondon, New Delhi, Islamabad
The original physical document is requiredNew Delhi
Documents not issued in that country must go to the UAE mission in their own country of issueNew Delhi (Bhutan documents are the published exception, handled in New Delhi)
If rejected, the attestation fee is refunded automatically; the service and delivery fee is notNew Delhi, Islamabad
Digitally attested documents are legally recognised within the UAENew Delhi, London

The detailed Indian and Pakistani routes, including university, HRD, HEC and IBCC stages, belong to our Indian degree attestation UAE and Pakistan degree attestation UAE guides. Philippine civil registry and CHED steps are in our Philippines attestation UAE guide.

UAE documents used abroad: why the UAE cannot give you an apostille

This is the other half of the apostille question, and it catches people who are leaving the UAE, marrying abroad, registering a UAE-born child with their home country, or using a UAE degree or company document overseas.

Because the UAE is not a Contracting State, no UAE authority is designated to issue apostilles. Any service offering a “UAE apostille” is selling MOFA attestation under a different name, sometimes followed by an embassy stage. That is not a criticism of the service; it is simply what the document will actually receive.

The route for a UAE-issued document

  1. The issuing authority’s own requirements. Some documents need a prior step, such as a notary for a private document or a court or ministry certification.
  2. MOFA UAE attestation. For eligible digital documents this takes up to 2 hours; otherwise by courier, 1 to 3 business days inside the UAE.
  3. The destination country’s stage, which takes one of the forms below, depending on that country.
Form of the destination stagePublished example
The UAE Embassy in the destination country attests the MOFA-attested documentUAE Embassy London lists UAE-issued documents among those it attests, and says they “must be attested/legalized by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA)” first
MOFA’s integrated services charge for both at onceMOFA FAQ: digital birth and death certificates linked with MOHAP, “total attestation service fee is AED 300”, being AED 150 MOFA and AED 150 for the “UAE Embassy in destination country”; Emirates Schools Establishment certificates on the same basis
The destination country’s embassy or consulate in the UAE attests the MOFA-attested documentEmbassy of India, Abu Dhabi: UAE documents must be “duly attested by the UAE M/o Foreign Affairs (Consular Section)” before the Embassy attests them

Which of these a destination accepts is that country’s decision, not the UAE’s. Before you start, ask the authority that will receive the document abroad (a registry office, a university, a court, a bank) exactly what it wants to see on a UAE document. Then work backwards.

Why a Convention country will still want more than MOFA

India’s MEA states that “no further attestation or legalization of a document apostilled by a member country, should be required” for use in India. That exemption depends on the document coming from a member country. A UAE document cannot carry an apostille, so it falls outside the exemption and goes through consular attestation instead. The same logic applies in any Convention country: the shortcut exists only between parties.

The UK does not legalise UAE documents

GOV.UK says “You cannot get documents issued outside the UK legalised using this service – get them legalised in the country they were issued.” So a UAE document cannot be fixed by sending it to the FCDO. It is attested in the UAE and, for UK use, by the UAE Embassy in London, as that Embassy describes.

Apostille vs attestation UAE, document by document

The principle is the same for every document, but each type has its own trap. These are the ones we see most.

Degrees and transcripts

A degree usually needs a university or education-authority verification before the foreign ministry will act, then the national step (apostille or attestation, per the mission), then the UAE mission and MOFA. Transcripts are separate documents and each needs its own certificate; missions refuse bundles.

The bigger issue is that attestation proves the certificate is genuine, not that the qualification is recognised. Recognition of university certificates issued outside the UAE is a separate service of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. A degree can have a perfect chain of stamps and still not satisfy a work permit, licence or Golden Visa condition that asks for a recognised qualification. Our degree equivalency certificate guide explains who issues recognition (MoHESR, not MOHRE) and when you need it. For the attestation itself, see degree certificate attestation.

Birth and marriage certificates

These are the documents families need for sponsorship, school enrolment and a newborn’s residence. The foreign civil registry issues them; the national step follows; then the UAE stages. Use the long-form or full certificate your country issues for use abroad where it has one; in our experience, short extracts are a frequent cause of refusal at the receiving counter.

Check every name letter by letter against the passports before anything is stamped. Attestation will faithfully certify a certificate that misspells a name, and fixing it afterwards means going back to the registry and starting again. Our service pages cover marriage certificate attestation and birth certificate attestation.

Police clearance certificates

These have short useful lives, because the receiving authority often wants one issued recently. Getting one apostilled or attested months before it is needed can leave you with a perfectly stamped certificate that is too old. Confirm the validity window with whoever asked for it, then time the chain backwards from the submission date. In the UK, note that GOV.UK says ACRO police certificates cannot receive an e-Apostille, so the paper route and its longer time apply.

Powers of attorney

A power of attorney signed abroad for use in the UAE is normally signed before a notary, then authenticated nationally, then taken through the UAE mission and MOFA. The Convention covers notarial acts, so in Convention countries the notary’s signature may be apostilled; whether the UAE mission wants that apostille or the foreign ministry’s attestation follows the patterns above.

Watch the fee band. MOFA charges AED 2,000 for commercial documents against AED 150 for personal ones, and the Manila Embassy FAQ gives exactly this example: a birth certificate at AED 150 and a commercial power of attorney at AED 2,000 “CAN NOT be grouped as one transaction”. A power of attorney that mixes family and business matters may be charged at the commercial rate.

Company documents

Certificates of incorporation, board resolutions and articles of association are commercial documents at AED 2,000 each at MOFA, and MOFA notes that a contract “may be considered as multiple documents based on its content”. Commercial invoices and certificates of origin sit outside the mission digital service and outside the apostille system altogether, because Article 1 of the Convention excludes administrative documents dealing directly with commercial or customs operations.

Medical documents

The Islamabad mission publishes one clear exception: medical documents issued by GAMCA medical testing centres in Pakistan do not need prior MOFA Pakistan attestation. We found no equivalent exception on the other mission pages we read, so do not assume it applies elsewhere.

Translation after attestation

MOFA’s requirement at the courier stage is an “original document in English or Arabic (or an official translation of it)”. Many UAE authorities then ask for an Arabic translation of the attested document, prepared by a licensed legal translator. Legal translation is a regulated profession in the UAE under Federal Decree-Law No. 22 of 2022 Regulating the Translation Profession (in force 2 January 2023), and the Ministry of Justice runs the registration of legal translators.

Translate after the attestation, not before, so that the translation covers the stamps and certificates as well as the document. If the translator works from an unstamped copy, the receiving authority may ask for it to be redone. Our legal translation team handles this step.

How much does attestation cost, and how long does it take?

Only the UAE fees are ours to verify in depth; foreign fees belong to foreign governments and change on their schedule. The figures below were on the official pages on the dates shown. The complete fee picture, with worked totals, is in our attestation cost UAE guide.

StageFeeTimeSource
MOFA UAE, individual affairs documentAED 1502 hours digital (UAE documents); 1 to 3 business days courier inside UAE; up to 7 business days for applications from outside the UAEMOFA FAQ; MOFA attestation service
MOFA UAE, commercial documentAED 2,000As aboveMOFA FAQ
MOFA UAE, digital birth or death certificate linked with MOHAP, including UAE Embassy in destination countryAED 300 (AED 150 + AED 150)Not statedMOFA FAQ
UAE Embassy Manila, per document (e.g. birth certificate, diploma, marriage contract)Php 2,350 (last published figure)“At least 3-5 working days”UAE Embassy Manila FAQ (no longer online at its old address on 10 October 2026)
UAE Embassy London, digital attestation (UK and Iceland documents)Shown at application; not published on the pageTypically 2 to 3 working daysUAE Embassy London: Attestation information
UK FCDO apostille, paper£45 plus courier or postage“Usually up to 25 working days”GOV.UK
UK FCDO e-Apostille£35“Up to 2 working days”GOV.UK
India MEA apostilleRs 50 per sticker (agency fee extra)Not statedMEA
India MEA normal attestationNo MEA fee (agency fee extra)Not statedMEA
Mission digital service, New Delhi and IslamabadShown at application; not published on the pageCollection within 24 hours; return 24 to 48 hours after releaseUAE Embassy New Delhi; UAE Embassy Islamabad

Two things stand out. First, the UAE side is flat and predictable: one MOFA fee per document, with the mission fee on top where it is charged separately. Second, the apostille costs very little compared with the time it can cost you if it is the wrong paper for your mission. Choosing the right national product matters more than its price.

Not sure whether your country’s step should be an apostille or an attestation for the UAE? Tell us the issuing country and the document. We will check the mission’s current rule before you pay anyone abroad.

Ask before you pay

Edge cases the simple answer misses

A document from a third country

You live in the UAE, you are Indian, and your degree is from a UK university. The document was issued in the UK, so it follows the UK route: FCDO, then the UAE Embassy in London. New Delhi’s page says so directly: documents “not issued in the Republic of India must be attested by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in their country of issuance”. Your nationality and where you live do not change the route.

London’s current page says the same: non-UK documents “must be attested/legalised by the UAE Embassy/Consulate in their relevant country”. An earlier version described a workaround through a UK notary and the FCDO; it is no longer published, and GOV.UK says the FCDO does not legalise documents issued outside the UK.

A document issued by your embassy in the UAE

Affidavits, attestations and certificates signed by a foreign embassy or consulate are outside the apostille system even between Convention countries (Article 1 excludes documents executed by diplomatic or consular agents). For use in the UAE they go to MOFA UAE for attestation of the embassy’s seal.

A document apostilled for use between two Convention countries

If you live in Dubai but need a UK document for use in Germany, the UAE is not involved at all: both are Convention parties and the apostille alone should do. People sometimes pay for UAE attestation they do not need because they assume living here changes the rule. It does not.

An e-Apostille

Several countries now issue electronic apostilles. The UK issues an e-Apostille for £35 in up to 2 working days, but not for General Register Office certificates or ACRO police certificates. The UAE mission digital service we read collects the original physical document by courier. We found no UAE page saying whether an e-Apostille alone will be accepted. Ask the mission before you choose the electronic option.

A document legalised before your country joined

A document authenticated under the old legalisation system before your country’s entry into force date, and already attested by the UAE mission and MOFA, is a complete UAE chain. There is no published UAE rule requiring it to be redone with an apostille. If the document is only part-way through the old chain, ask the mission whether it will accept the old national certificate or wants the current one.

Your country joined the Convention recently

Bangladesh (in force 30 March 2025), Algeria (9 July 2026) and Viet Nam (11 September 2026) are recent examples, and Thailand follows on 28 February 2027. When a country joins, its foreign ministry’s product for Convention countries changes to an apostille. What it issues for the UAE depends on whether it keeps a separate attestation for non-Convention countries. Read the UAE mission’s current page, not advice written before the change.

No UAE mission in the issuing country

MOFA’s instruction is to contact its call centre on +971 800 44444 or the Contact Us form before assembling anything. Do not assume a mission in a neighbouring country will accept your documents; New Delhi’s Bhutan arrangement is published precisely because it is an exception.

An objection between two Convention countries

The HCCH table marks some accessions with two asterisks. Where an existing party objected under Article 12, the Convention does not operate between those two countries, and an apostille from one may not be accepted in the other. This does not affect the UAE, which is not a party at all, but it matters if you are using a document between two other countries.

Which stage is my problem? Diagnosing a refusal

When an attested or apostilled document is refused, the fix depends entirely on where the problem is. Three very different problems look the same from outside.

Refused byMost likely reasonWhat fixes it
Your country’s foreign ministryA prior step is missing (notary, university, registry, education authority)Complete that step, then return
The UAE mission abroadWrong national paper, bundled apostille, laminated document, or a document from another countryGet the paper the mission names, one per document, on an unlaminated original, in the right country
MOFA UAEThe UAE mission stage is missing, or the document is not in Arabic or English without an official translationComplete the mission stage or add the translation
An employer, school or UAE authorityA name mismatch, a short-form certificate, an expired police certificate, or recognition rather than attestation was neededCorrect or replace the document, or apply for recognition
A licensing regulatorProfessional licensing criteria, which attestation never answersThe regulator’s own process

The costly mistake is re-running an attestation chain to solve a recognition or licensing problem. A second set of stamps on a correctly attested degree changes nothing. Ask whoever refused the document which of the three it is: the chain, the document, or the qualification.

Apostille vs attestation UAE in practice: six illustrative scenarios

These are illustrative scenarios, built from the situations we see most often. They are not records of named clients, and the figures are the published ones.

1. A Philippine nurse who skipped the apostille

Situation. A nurse with a job offer in Dubai read that “the UAE does not accept apostilles” and sent her diploma and transcript straight to a courier for the UAE Embassy in Manila.

What happened. The Embassy’s published rule is that all documents “must bear the DFA Apostille”. With no DFA certificate on the documents, there was nothing for the Embassy to authenticate.

The fix. DFA Apostille for each document separately, then the Embassy (last published at Php 2,350 per document, at least 3 to 5 working days), then MOFA UAE at AED 150 each. The general statement she read was true, and acting on it was wrong: in the Philippines, the apostille is the first half of the UAE route.

2. An Indian engineer with an apostilled degree

Situation. An agent in India had his degree apostilled by the MEA, and he assumed the UAE part would be quick.

What we checked. The UAE Embassy in New Delhi requires MEA attestation first. The MEA publishes normal attestation as the route for countries that are not Convention members “and where Apostille is not accepted”, while the Embassy page also mentions apostilles in its bundle rule.

The fix. Before paying for anything else, the sensible step is to put the question to the Embassy’s service channel with a scan of the certificate. The rule we give in this situation is simple: for a document not yet processed, ask the MEA or its authorised agency for the attestation meant for the UAE; for one already apostilled, get the mission’s answer before redoing it. In this scenario the degree then goes through the digital service, with one application covering the Embassy and MOFA UAE.

3. A British couple registering a Dubai-born baby in the UK

Situation. The parents asked for a “UAE apostille” on their child’s Dubai birth certificate to register the birth in the UK.

What applies. The UAE cannot issue an apostille. The UAE Embassy in London publishes the route: UAE-issued documents “must be attested/legalized by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA)”, and the Embassy then attests them for use in the UK. The FCDO cannot legalise it, because GOV.UK says documents issued outside the UK must be legalised in the country that issued them.

The fix. MOFA’s digital service for MOHAP birth certificates, where MOFA publishes a total of AED 300 (AED 150 MOFA plus AED 150 for the UAE Embassy in the destination country). Before starting, the parents should confirm with the UK office handling the registration exactly what it needed on a foreign birth certificate.

4. A Saudi-issued marriage certificate for a Dubai family visa

Situation. A couple who married in Riyadh were told by friends there that an apostille would be enough, because Saudi Arabia joined the Convention in 2022.

What applies. Saudi Arabia is a party (in force 7 December 2022). The UAE is not. The apostille helps the certificate travel to other Convention countries, but for the UAE it still needs the UAE Embassy in Riyadh and MOFA UAE.

The fix. The first step is to check the Riyadh mission’s current requirement for the Saudi-side paper before booking anything, then complete the UAE stages. The family visa application can follow once MOFA has attested the certificate. We could not read the Riyadh mission’s attestation page on the day we checked, so we did not guess its wording.

5. A UK police certificate that went stale

Situation. A teacher had her ACRO police certificate apostilled in the UK early, planning ahead.

What happened. The paper FCDO route is “usually up to 25 working days”, ACRO certificates are excluded from the e-Apostille, and the receiving employer wanted a recent certificate. By the time the UAE Embassy in London and MOFA stages were done, the certificate was older than the employer would accept.

The fix. A new certificate, timed backwards from the submission date. The lesson is the reverse of the usual advice: for police certificates, starting too early costs as much as starting too late.

6. A company resolution from Pakistan

Situation. A Dubai company needed a board resolution from its Pakistani parent to change a signatory.

What applies. The resolution is a commercial document. It needs the Pakistani side first (notarisation and MOFA Pakistan attestation), then the UAE Embassy in Islamabad and MOFA UAE, either separately or through the digital service where the document qualifies. MOFA UAE charges AED 2,000 for a commercial document, and a long agreement “may be considered as multiple documents based on its content”.

The fix. The practical step is to ask the parent company to keep the resolution to one purpose, in English, so it would be treated as one document, and to have MOFA Pakistan attest it individually. The Arabic legal translation is done after the UAE stages, covering all the stamps.

Recognise your situation in one of these cases? Send us the document and tell us where it will be used. We will map the stages, confirm the current mission rule and give you the government fees and our fee in writing.

Map my document’s route

Apostille vs attestation UAE: what circulates online that is not true

ClaimThe positionSource
“The UAE joined the Apostille Convention.”Not as of the HCCH status table updated 30 June 2026, and no accession announcement was found on hcch.net or mofa.gov.ae up to 10 October 2026HCCH status table; MOFA
“An apostille is all you need for the UAE.”False. The UAE mission and MOFA stages are still requiredMOFA FAQ
“An apostille is useless for the UAE.”Also false. Manila requires the DFA Apostille; London requires the FCDO certificateUAE Embassies Manila and London
“Every Convention country must use the apostille for the UAE.”No. India’s MEA keeps normal attestation for non-Convention countries; the US issues authentication certificatesMEA; US Department of State
“You can get a UAE apostille in Dubai.”The UAE is not a party and has no apostille authority. What is sold is MOFA attestationHCCH status table
“Bundle them, it’s cheaper.”Missions refuse documents apostilled in a bundleUAE Embassies London, New Delhi, Islamabad
“Attestation makes my degree recognised.”Recognition is a separate MoHESR serviceMoHESR service card
“MOFA fees depend on the document.”Flat AED 150 personal, AED 2,000 commercialMOFA FAQ
“The UAE stage always means a courier to Dubai.”At missions with the digital service, one application covers the mission and MOFAUAE Embassies New Delhi, Islamabad, London
“A laminated certificate can still be attested.”Missions say laminated documents cannot be attestedUAE Embassies London, New Delhi

How to verify every figure in this guide

Figure or ruleWhere to check it
UAE not a party; 130 Contracting Parties; last update 30 June 2026; all country datesHCCH: Status table, Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation
UAE not an HCCH MemberHCCH: Members list
Articles 1 to 7 and 12HCCH: Full text of the Apostille Convention
“Party to Hague Apostille Convention? No”US Department of State: Judicial Assistance, United Arab Emirates
MOFA definition, routes, 2 hours, 1 to 3 and up to 7 business days (re-checked 10 October 2026), verify.mofa.gov.aeMOFA: Attestation of Official Documents and Certificates
AED 150 / AED 2,000; AED 300 MOHAP; foreign-document order; call centreMOFA: FAQ
DFA Apostille rule; Php 2,350; 3 to 5 working days; grouping ruleUAE Embassy Manila: FAQs (read 23 September 2026; no longer online at its old address on 10 October 2026)
FCDO requirement; UAE documents attested after MOFA; non-UK documents to the UAE mission in their own country; 2 to 3 working daysUAE Embassy London: Attestation information
MEA first; one application; collection and return times; Bhutan; refundsUAE Embassy New Delhi: Digital attestation
MOFA Pakistan first; GAMCA exception; one applicationUAE Embassy Islamabad: Digital attestation
Apostille vs normal attestation; Rs 50; apostilled documents treated as legalised in IndiaMEA: Attestation / Apostille
Pakistan in force 9 March 2023; normal attestation continuesMOFA Pakistan: Accession to Apostille Convention
Apostilles vs authentication certificatesUS Department of State: Office of Authentications
£45, £35, 25 and 2 working days; e-Apostille exclusions; foreign documents not legalisedGOV.UK: Get your document legalised
Indian Embassy needs MOFA-attested UAE documentsEmbassy of India, Abu Dhabi: Attestation services
Translation lawUAE legislation portal: Federal Decree-Law No. 22 of 2022
Correction/Update, 23 September 2026

This guide was rewritten and every statement checked against the HCCH, MOFA, UAE mission and foreign ministry pages listed below. Changes from the previous version: (1) it implied that in every Convention country “the national authentication is now the apostille”; the MEA (India) keeps normal attestation for non-Convention countries, Pakistan’s MOFA says normal attestation continues, and the US issues authentication certificates, so the paper the UAE mission wants depends on the country. (2) It gave the UAE stage as “two hours to three business days”; MOFA’s page gives up to 2 hours for digital UAE documents, 1 to 3 business days by courier inside the UAE and up to 15 business days outside. (3) It said missions complete “most requests in 2-3 business days”; the current New Delhi and Islamabad pages give collection within 24 hours and return 24 to 48 hours after release instead, so we quote those. (4) It named the Ministry of Education for degree recognition; the current service card for certificates issued outside the UAE is the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research’s. (5) It gave no dates for the UAE’s Convention status or the status of source countries; these have been added from the HCCH status table, together with the route for UAE documents used abroad.

Update, 10 October 2026

We re-checked the HCCH status table and members list, the MOFA attestation page and FAQ, the UAE Embassy pages for London, New Delhi and Islamabad, GOV.UK and the MoHESR service card. Changes: (1) MOFA now gives up to 7 business days for applications made outside the UAE, not 15 as in September. (2) The UAE Embassy London page was rewritten: it attests UAE, UK and Iceland documents, gives typically 2 to 3 working days for digital attestation, and no longer publishes the postal time, the AED 3 + 2% transaction fee or the workaround for non-UK documents. (3) The UAE Embassy Manila FAQ is no longer online at its old address, so its rule and its Php 2,350 fee are shown as last published. (4) The Islamabad page now also refuses laminated documents, and all three missions send commercial invoices and certificates of origin to eDAS 2.0. (5) Qatar became an HCCH Member on 17 September 2026 but is still not a party to the Apostille Convention; the UAE’s status is unchanged. (6) The worked cases are now labelled as illustrative scenarios, four FAQs were removed, and dead links were replaced.

What we will and will not do

We will read your document and tell you which stages are done and which are missing before you pay, check the current published rule of the UAE mission in the issuing country, file the MOFA and mission digital applications, arrange legal translation, route UAE documents for use abroad, act for you under a power of attorney where the law allows, and tell you when you can do it yourself on the MOFA app.

We will not sell you a “UAE apostille”, promise that a mission or ministry abroad will accept a document, submit a document we know to be altered or inaccurate, skip a stage the published rules require, or quote you a fee that changes after you have paid.

Rather not work out which paper each country wants? Send us your documents and tell us where they will be used. We handle the UAE stages and tell you exactly what to ask for abroad, with government fees at cost and our fee in writing.

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Apostille vs attestation UAE: frequently asked questions

Does the UAE accept apostille documents?

Not on their own. The UAE is not a party to the Hague Apostille Convention, so a foreign document with only an apostille still needs attestation by the UAE Embassy or Consulate in the issuing country and by MOFA UAE. In many countries, though, the apostille is the national step the UAE mission certifies first, so you may still need it.

Is the UAE a member of the Hague Apostille Convention in 2026?

No. The HCCH status table, last updated 30 June 2026 with 130 Contracting Parties, does not list the UAE: no signature, accession or entry into force. The UAE is not an HCCH Member either, and we found no accession announcement on hcch.net or mofa.gov.ae when we re-checked on 10 October 2026.

What is the difference between an apostille and attestation?

Both certify a signature and seal, not the content. An apostille is one certificate issued by the document’s home country and accepted by other Convention countries. UAE attestation is the UAE’s own legalisation: the UAE mission in the issuing country, then MOFA UAE. For the UAE, the apostille can be a first step but never replaces attestation.

My country is a Convention member. Should I get an apostille or an attestation for the UAE?

Follow the UAE mission in the issuing country. Manila requires the DFA Apostille and London the FCDO certificate, which is an apostille. India’s MEA keeps normal attestation for non-Convention countries, and the US issues authentication certificates. Read the mission’s page before paying anyone at home.

Can I get an apostille in the UAE for a UAE document?

No. The UAE has no apostille authority because it is not a party. A UAE document for use abroad is attested by MOFA UAE and then by the UAE Embassy in the destination country or that country’s own embassy in the UAE, depending on the destination’s rules. Ask the receiving authority abroad what it wants.

Do UAE missions accept documents apostilled in a bundle?

No. The UAE Embassy pages for London, New Delhi and Islamabad all say documents apostilled in a bundle are not accepted and each must be apostilled separately. Ask for one certificate per document at the national stage. Bundling is cheaper abroad and costs a full extra cycle when the mission refuses it.

How much does UAE attestation cost after the apostille?

MOFA UAE charges AED 150 per personal document and AED 2,000 per commercial document. The UAE mission stage has its own fee: Manila last published Php 2,350 per document, while the digital services show the fee when you apply. Translation and any agent’s fee are extra. Our cost guide has the full list.

How long does the UAE stage take?

For eligible UAE digital documents, up to 2 hours in working hours. By courier, 1 to 3 business days inside the UAE and up to 7 business days for applications made outside the UAE. Missions add their own time: Manila has published at least 3 to 5 working days, and New Delhi and Islamabad collect within 24 hours and return originals 24 to 48 hours after release.

Will the UAE join the Apostille Convention soon?

No official announcement has been published. If the UAE deposited an accession, Article 12 gives existing parties six months to object and the Convention takes effect 60 days later, so about eight months. Until then, and during that period, UAE attestation remains the only route. We will update this guide if the status changes.

Saudi Arabia is a Convention member. Is a Saudi apostille enough for Dubai?

No. Saudi Arabia has been a party since 7 December 2022, so its apostilles work in other Convention countries. The UAE is not a party, so a Saudi document still needs the UAE Embassy in Riyadh and MOFA UAE. Oman and Bahrain are also parties; Qatar and Kuwait are not.

Does an apostille make my degree recognised in the UAE?

No. An apostille and UAE attestation only prove the certificate is genuine. Recognition of a university qualification issued outside the UAE is a separate service of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, and some work permits, licences and Golden Visa categories depend on it. Start it alongside attestation, not after.

Can I use an e-Apostille for UAE attestation?

We found no UAE page confirming it. The mission digital services we read collect the original physical document by courier. The UK also excludes some documents, such as ACRO police certificates and GRO certificates, from its e-Apostille. Ask the UAE mission before choosing the electronic option.

Getting a foreign or UAE document through every stage and then into the visa, licence or family file it was needed for is what our PRO services in Dubai team handles every week.

Please note. The Convention status, dates, fees, times and requirements in this guide are taken from the HCCH status table and Convention text, UAE MOFA and UAE mission pages, and the foreign ministry pages listed above, verified 23 September 2026 (HCCH status re-checked 24 September 2026). MOFA fees and processing times (including up to 7 business days for applications made outside the UAE), the UAE’s status on the HCCH status table and members list, the UAE Embassy London, New Delhi and Islamabad attestation pages, the GOV.UK fees and the MoHESR service were re-checked on 10 October 2026. Where official pages differ, both are shown. Foreign fees and procedures are set by foreign governments and can change without notice; the UAE mission and the receiving authority decide what they accept at the time you apply. The cases are built from common situations and are illustrative, not the records of named clients. This guide is general information and not legal advice.

Mir Ali

Written by

Mir Ali

Mir Ali founded MIRDXB PRO, a PRO and visa services firm in Al Barsha, Dubai. Over the past three years he has personally handled more than 100 visa, Emirates ID, labour and company files across MOHRE, GDRFA, ICP and DET, and he reviews every guide on this site against those real cases.

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